Researchers have developed paper-based devices that have proven to be more effective than other testing methods in identifying malaria infection in asymptomatic individuals in Ghana. This breakthrough in diagnostics has the potential to significantly enhance malaria elimination efforts, according to experts.

The devices, while simple in design, enable chemical reactions between a blood sample and embedded molecules in paper layers. They rely on portable instrumentation, specifically mass spectrometry, to analyze the final product - a malaria-specific antigen that triggers the immune response in positive cases.

Lead author of the study, Abraham Badu-Tawiah, who is a professor of chemistry and biochemistry at The Ohio State University, highlighted the significance of this innovation. He emphasized the importance of delivering sensitive diagnostic tools directly to individuals, regardless of their location. Statistical analysis revealed that the paper-based method boasts a 90% accuracy rate, comparable to the widely used PCR test.

The study, recently published in Analytical Chemistry, addresses the urgent need for improved malaria detection methods. Malaria, a disease transmitted by infected mosquitoes, affects millions of people worldwide, with a significant number of fatalities reported annually. The availability of a preventive vaccine in Ghana has led to a decline in infection rates, underscoring the importance of vigilant surveillance for potential outbreaks.

Badu-Tawiah first introduced this innovative technology in 2016, focusing on its potential for at-home or remote testing. While the devices are currently optimized for malaria detection, ongoing research aims to adapt them for other diseases as well. The manual fabrication process involves printing paper layers coated with protective sections to prevent blood seepage, which are then assembled into compact structures.

During a field study in Ghana, the paper-based devices were tested on 266 asymptomatic volunteers, yielding promising results. The devices outperformed traditional testing methods such as microscopic examination, rapid diagnostic tests, and PCR in detecting malaria infections. Notably, the paper-based devices demonstrated a sensitivity of 96.5%, significantly higher than the other methods.

Badu-Tawiah's team is actively exploring the implementation of these devices in Ghana and collaborating with healthcare professionals to expand their applications. The success of this innovative approach paves the way for enhanced disease surveillance and early detection, offering a valuable tool in the fight against malaria and other infectious diseases.

Source: Mirage News