When it comes to sun safety, sunscreen is a go-to for many Australians. However, a recent report by Choice revealed that 16 out of 20 sunscreen products tested did not meet the SPF level claimed on their label. Despite this, experts advise against panicking and offer valuable insights on staying safe in the sun.

Here's a comprehensive guide on sunscreen testing, what to consider when shopping for sunscreen, and additional measures you can take to safeguard yourself from the sun's harmful rays.

Understanding SPF and Its Function

SPF, or Sun Protection Factor, indicates how well a product shields you from ultraviolet radiation (UV). A higher SPF means less UV penetrates your skin. For instance, if someone usually burns after 10 minutes in the sun, an SPF of 10 should allow them 100 minutes of sun exposure before burning, explains dermatologist Dr. Linda Martin from the Melanoma Institute.

Dr. Martin highlights that the difference between SPF50 and SPF30 in terms of UV protection might not be as significant as perceived. When applied correctly, SPF50 allows only 2% of UV rays through, while SPF30 permits 3.3%.

However, cosmetic chemist Michelle Wong emphasizes that the effectiveness gap widens with insufficient application, underscoring the importance of using an adequate amount of sunscreen.

Sunscreen Testing Procedures

SPF ratings are determined through human testing in accredited laboratories using a solar simulator to mimic sunlight. Australia adheres to international sunscreen testing standards, typically involving 10 volunteers. While most sunscreens sold in Australia are rigorously regulated by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), variations in SPF results can occur due to differences in testing conditions and human factors.

Choosing a Trustworthy Sunscreen

Dr. Wong suggests that the best sunscreen is one you apply generously and consistently within your budget. An SPF30 sunscreen is generally sufficient if applied correctly, with SPFs ranging from 30 to 59 offering high protection and SPFs of 60 or higher providing very high protection. It's crucial to select a sunscreen labeled for both UVB and UVA protection or 'broad spectrum' to shield against all harmful rays.

Additionally, water-resistant sunscreens are recommended for extended water exposure, and the choice between chemical and mineral sunscreens depends on personal preferences.

Year-Round Sun Protection Tips

While UV radiation peaks in summer, it remains a threat throughout the year. Applying sunscreen daily when the UV index is forecasted above 3 is advisable. Even indoors, especially while driving, sunscreen may be necessary due to UVA exposure through untinted windows.

The latest sun safety advice acknowledges diverse skin types and recommends tailored protection measures for individuals with darker skin tones.

Common Sunscreen Mistakes to Avoid

• Not applying enough sunscreen
• Not applying sunscreen early enough
• Failing to reapply every two hours
• Overlooking the sunscreen's expiry date
• Improper storage in direct sunlight or high temperatures

Additional Sun Protection Measures

Aside from sunscreen, following the five rules for enhanced sun protection by the Melanoma Institute is crucial:

• Slip on sun-protective clothing
• Slop on sunscreen with SPF50 or higher
• Slap on a broad-brimmed hat
• Seek shade during peak sun hours
• Slide on sunglasses meeting Australian standards

Remember, sunscreen is a filter, not a shield. Combining multiple sun protection strategies is key to preventing skin cancer, the most common and preventable cancer in Australia.