For a long time, olive oil has been praised for its heart-protecting properties and cognitive benefits as we age. However, recent research suggests that oleic acid, a common fat found in olive oil, may actually promote the growth and multiplication of fat cells, potentially leading to weight gain at a faster rate compared to other oils.

According to US researchers who conducted the study, individuals, especially those at high risk for heart disease, should consider moderating their consumption of olive oil. This caution comes as a response to a growing number of experts warning against excessive olive oil intake due to concerns about increased susceptibility to high cholesterol and heart disease.

In the study, scientists fed mice various diets enriched with specific fatty acids, including those present in olive oil, coconut oil, peanut oil, milk, lard, and soybean oil. They found that oleic acid, in particular, enhanced a protein known as AKT2 while reducing the activity of another protein called LXR. This led to an increase in the proliferation of fat cells.

The researchers published their findings in the journal Cell Reports, stating that while low levels of dietary oleic acid can have beneficial effects, higher levels may have negative implications for cardiovascular health and mortality. Dr. Michael Rudolph, an assistant professor involved in the study, emphasized the importance of consuming fats from a variety of sources to maintain a balanced intake.

Experts have long recommended the use of olive oil in cooking, a practice favored by many professional chefs and dietitians. It is a key component of the Mediterranean diet, which has gained popularity for its reported benefits in promoting longevity, reducing frailty, and preventing cancer. The diet involves prioritizing fruits, vegetables, whole grains, olive oil, oily fish, nuts, seeds, and pulses while limiting dairy, red meat, and alcohol.

Despite its popularity and perceived health benefits, some experts have raised concerns about the potential link between olive oil consumption and weight gain, as well as an increased risk of heart disease. Excessive intake of olive oil without proper portion control may disrupt energy balance, leading to weight gain or hindering weight loss efforts.

Dietitians caution against blindly following influencers who may promote excessive olive oil consumption based on personal experiences or endorsements without scientific backing. It is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian before making significant changes to your nutrition plan.