A team of researchers at Rice University has developed a straightforward technique to significantly improve the stability of electrochemical devices that convert carbon dioxide into useful fuels and chemicals. This method involves passing carbon dioxide through an acid bubbler, as described in their study published in Science.

One of the main challenges in carbon dioxide reduction systems is the accumulation of salt that obstructs gas flow channels, reduces efficiency, and causes premature device failure. By utilizing acid-humidified CO2, the researchers were able to extend the operational life of a CO2 reduction system by more than 50 times, achieving over 4,500 hours of stable operation in a scaled-up reactor.

Electrochemical CO2 reduction is a promising green technology that uses electricity to convert CO2 into valuable products like carbon monoxide, ethylene, or alcohols. These products can be further processed into fuels or utilized in industrial applications, potentially transforming a significant pollutant into a valuable resource.

The traditional method of water-humidified CO2 often leads to salt formation in gas flow channels, causing performance issues. In contrast, bubbling CO2 through an acid solution prevents salt buildup, ensuring stable operation over extended periods. The researchers observed minimal corrosion or damage to membranes and materials, indicating the method's compatibility with existing systems.

The simplicity and effectiveness of this approach offer a promising solution for enhancing the durability and scalability of CO2 electrolyzers, essential for large-scale deployment in carbon capture and utilization initiatives. By making minor adjustments to current setups, this method can be easily integrated without significant redesigns or additional costs.

This breakthrough represents a significant advancement in carbon utilization technologies, making them more economically viable and sustainable for widespread adoption.