The study of the sun's corona has always been a challenge for solar scientists on Earth, as it is only visible during a total solar eclipse. However, with the recent Proba-3 mission by the European Space Agency (ESA), researchers now have a new way to advance their studies.

The ESA announced on June 16 that the Proba-3 mission successfully created an 'artificial total solar eclipse' in orbit. By positioning two spacecraft - the Coronagraph and the Occulter - 150 meters apart and aligning them to cast a shadow, scientists were able to observe parts of the corona.

Proba-3 Mission Overview

The Proba-3 mission was launched in December 2024, sending two satellites into solar orbit. In March of this year, the spacecraft flew in formation 150 meters apart with incredible precision, allowing for the creation of an artificial solar eclipse.

During this artificial eclipse, the Occulter's disc blocked the sun's disc, casting a shadow across the Coronagraph's optical instruments. This precision allowed for detailed images of the corona to be captured.

One of the key benefits of this mission is the ability to study the elusive corona from new angles. This could provide valuable insights into solar wind, which plays a crucial role in space weather and can impact Earth's systems.

Significance of the Mission

The data collected from the Proba-3 mission will help solar scientists better understand solar storms and their potential impact on Earth. By studying the corona up close, researchers hope to unravel the mystery of why it burns hotter than the sun's surface.

Additionally, the precision flying demonstrated by Proba-3 has opened the door for future missions, such as the ESA's Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) scheduled for launch in 2035.

With its ability to capture detailed images of the corona, Proba-3 has paved the way for further advancements in solar science and space exploration.

Source: The Indian Express